Investigations on music and emotion have identified broad musical elements that influence emotions recognized by listeners, such as timbre, rhythm, melody, and harmony. Not many studies have studied the correlation between quantifiable musical descriptors and their associated emotions; furthermore, only few studies have focused on how listeners’ demographic and musical backgrounds influence the emotion they recognize. In this preliminary study, participants rated how strongly they recognized the six GEMS emotions (transcendence, peacefulness, power, joyful activation, tension, and sadness) while listening to excerpts from Beethoven’s Eroica. Musical descriptors (loudness, brightness, noisiness, tempo/rhythm, harmony, and timbre) were also extracted from each excerpt. Results indicate significant correlations between emotional ratings and musical descriptors, notably positive correlations between key clarity and peacefulness/joyful activation ratings, and negative correlations between key clarity and tension/sadness ratings. Key clarity refers to the key strength associated to the best key candidate; as such, these results suggest that listeners recognize positive emotions in music with a straightforward key, whereas listeners recognize negative emotions in music with a less clear sense of key. The second part of the study computed correlations between demographics and emotional ratings, to determine whether people of similar demographic and musical backgrounds recognized similar emotions. The results indicate that na{\"ıve listeners (i.e. younger subjects, and subjects with less frequent exposure to classical music) experienced more similar emotions from the same musical excerpts than did other subjects. Our findings contribute to developing a quantitative understanding of how musical descriptors, and listeners’ backgrounds, correlate with emotions recognized by listeners.
JF - Ninth Triennial Conference of the European Society for the Cognitive Sciences of Music (ESCOM) CY - Manchester, UK UR - http://phenicx.upf.edu/system/files/publications/0168TrentGomez-ESCOM2015.pdf ER - TY - CONF T1 - PHENICX: Innovating the Classical Music Experience T2 - Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME 2015) Y1 - 2015 A1 - Cynthia C. S. Liem A1 - Emilia Gómez A1 - Markus Schedl JF - Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME 2015) CY - Torino, Italy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Music Information Retrieval: Recent Developments and Applications JF - {Foundations and Trends in Information Retrieval} Y1 - 2014 A1 - Markus Schedl A1 - Emilia Gómez A1 - Julián Urbano VL - 8 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Innovating the Classical Music Experience in the PHENICX Project: Use Cases and Initial User Feedback T2 - 1st International Workshop on Interactive Content Consumption (WSICC) at EuroITV 2013 Y1 - 2013 A1 - Cynthia C. S. Liem A1 - Ron van der Sterren A1 - Marcel van Tilburg A1 - Álvaro Sarasúa A1 - Juan J. Bosch A1 - Jordi Janer A1 - Mark S. Melenhorst A1 - Emilia Gómez A1 - Alan Hanjalic KW - interactivity KW - multimedia information systems KW - multimodality KW - music information retrieval KW - performing arts KW - social networks KW - user studies AB -The FP7 PHENICX project focuses on creating a new digital classical concert experience, improving the accessibility of classical music concert performances by enhancing and enriching them in novel digital ways, In this paper, we present the project’s foreseen use cases. Subsequently, we summarize initial use case feedback from two different user groups. Despite the early stage of the project, the feedback already gives important insight into real-world considerations to make for interactive music content consumption solutions.
JF - 1st International Workshop on Interactive Content Consumption (WSICC) at EuroITV 2013 CY - Como, Italy ER - TY - CONF T1 - Multimedia Information Retrieval: Music and Audio T2 - Proceedings of the 21st ACM International Conference on Multimedia Y1 - 2013 A1 - Markus Schedl A1 - Emilia Gómez A1 - Masataka Goto JF - Proceedings of the 21st ACM International Conference on Multimedia CY - Barcelona, Spain ER -